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BeanDrinkerTM Glossary of Coffee Terminology
 
Acidity: Acidity in coffee is not the same as the scientific chemical meaning (pH value) and use of the term.  Acidity in coffee is similar to dryness in wines and pertains to taste attributes such as sweet, sour, bitter, and salt, and can give the perception of being clean, bright, or dull to the palate.  Perceived acidity is affected mainly by the roast level of the bean, and to some extent the geographic origin of the bean.
 
Body: Body refers to the perceived weight or heaviness of a coffee as sensed by the palate and tongue.  The body of a coffee is mainly affected by the roast level of the bean.  The darker roasts (Vienna Roast, French Roast) tend to have more or fuller body than lighter (Full City Roast) beans.
 
Bold Roast: A somewhat subjective term that has different meanings to different people.  At BeanDrinkerTM Coffee the term Bold Roast is used interchangeably with the phrase Dark Roast.  See Dark Roast.
 
Dark Roast: Like bold roast, the term Dark Roast has different meanings to different people.  At BeanDrinkerTM Coffee the term Dark Roast refers to beans or a blend of multiple beans that are roasted to a Vienna Roast and/or a French Roast level (no Full City Roast beans).
 
French Roast: French Roast beans are the darkest of the 3 primary roast levels and are roasted (cooked) the longest amount of time as compared to Vienna Roast and Full City Roast beans.  French Roast beans appear very dark gray or black in color, and are very shiny due to the caramelizing (burning) of the oils that emerged from inside the beans.  The French Roast level is the point where the roast level characteristics totally dominate the original flavor characteristics of the bean.  French Roast beans tend to taste more bitter and burnt (smoky) and retain almost none of the original flavor characteristics, with acidity mostly neutralized.  French Roast beans are usually cooked for 12 minutes 40 seconds to a temperature of 474 F. 
 
Full City Roast: Full City Roast beans are the lightest of the 3 primary roast levels and are roasted (cooked) the shortest amount of time as compared to Vienna Roast and French Roast beans.  Full City Roast beans are light brown in color and retain the original (origin) flavor characteristics (nutty, earthy, fruity) as well as the acidity and body of the bean.  Full City Roast beans are cooked from 11 minutes 30 seconds to 11 minutes 50 seconds to a temperature between 444 F and 454 F. 
 
Grind: Grind refers to how coarse or fine coffee beans are ground for brewing. 
 
Light Roast: Similar to Bold Roast, a somewhat subjective phrase that has different meanings to different people.  At BeanDrinkerTM Coffee the term Light Roast refers to beans or a blend of multiple beans that are roasted to a Full City Roast level (no Vienna Roast and/or French Roast beans).  See Full City Roast.
 
Roast Level: Roast Level refers to how long raw (green) coffee beans are heated (roasted).  The longer the bean is roasted, the darker the bean appears, and the taste characteristics gradually change from the original (origin) characteristics to the roast level characteristics.  There are 3 main roast levels (from lightest to darkest) used today for the vast majority of coffee beans: Full City Roast, Vienna Roast, and French Roast
 
Strength: A very subjective and misunderstood term that has different meanings to different people.  At BeanDrinkerTM Coffee the term strength refers to the ratio of water to a specific amount and specific grind of coffee beans that used in the brewing process.  For example, 1 ounce of medium grind coffee brewed using 16 ounces of water produces a stronger cup of coffee than would 1 ounce of medium grind coffee brewed using 32 ounces of water.
 
Vienna Roast: Vienna Roast is the middle roast of the 3 primary roast levels, and is also called "Light French" or "Continental" roast.  Vienna Roast beans appear dark brown with gray tones in color, and have some surface shine from emerging oils.  The Vienna Roast is the point where the original flavor characteristics begins to be dominated by the roast level characteristics of the bean.  Vienna Roast retains some of the original (origin) flavor characteristics (nutty, earthy, fruity), but also acquires burnt undertones and a bittersweet character with acidity noticeably reduced.  Vienna Roast beans are usually cooked for 12 minutes 15 seconds to a temperature of 465 F. 
 
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BeanDrinkerTM Coffee, LLC  •  P.O. Box 4082  •  Dublin, OH 43016  •  614.314.7755